Working Papers

The WNE Working Papers series has been published by the Faculty of Economic Sciences at the University of Warsaw since 2008.

The WNE Working Papers series provides a fast, open channel for disseminating research conducted at the Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw. The papers hosted here are working versions (pre-prints) and may evolve as authors refine their analyses, incorporate feedback, or progress through formal peer-review. What you read is the current version released by the authors, timestamped and assigned DOI/ISSN identifiers to ensure precise citation and version tracking. Copyright remains with the authors, who may, at any time, upload a revised file or add a note directing readers to a later, peer-reviewed publication.

The Working Papers series accepts articles by research employees of the Faculty and publications from conferences organised at the Faculty of Economic Sciences at the University of Warsaw. Articles should be original research papers which have not been previously published, on the subject of economics.

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Number of Results 18

WP(27/2026)521. What Happens Without Conservation? The Prospect of Heritage Loss in Contingent Valuation

Authors: Jusypenko Bartosz
Economic valuation of heritage conservation depends on what respondents expect to happen without the implementation of a proposed intervention, yet this no-program counterfactual is often left implicit. We examine whether explicitly directing respond…

WP521. What Happens Without Conservation? The Prospect of Heritage Loss in Contingent Valuation

Economic valuation of heritage conservation depends on what respondents expect to happen without the implementation of a proposed intervention, yet this no-program counterfactual is often left implicit. We examine whether explicitly directing respondents to consider potential heritage loss affects stated willingness to pay (WTP) for renovation of a building and whether the contribution of information about adaptive reuse depends on whether such loss enters the valuation decision. A contingent valuation survey of 452 adult residents living near Pückler Palace, a deteriorating historic building in Poland, used a 2 × 2 randomized design combining a loss-consideration prompt with information about a genuine proposal to adapt the renovated palace as the new premises of the Museum of Ceramics. WTP was elicited as the maximum mandatory one-off levy respondents would support within an advisory-referendum framework. Among respondents not assigned to the loss-prompt treatment, a post-valuation question identified spontaneous consideration of heritage loss. Two-part models separated the probability of positive WTP from the amount stated among positive responses. Randomized treatment estimates indicated higher WTP under the loss prompt when reuse information was absent. The unconditional mean difference was positive but imprecisely estimated, while the corresponding difference among positive-WTP respondents was statistically significant. In the conditional models, respondents assigned to the loss prompt had approximately twice the odds of positive WTP and a 61% higher conditional geometric mean of positive WTP than that of unprompted respondents who did not report spontaneous loss consideration. Among unprompted respondents, spontaneous loss consideration—reported by 54%—was associated with a 92% higher conditional geometric mean of positive WTP than in unprompted respondents who did not report such consideration. Evidence that reuse information contributed more when loss was not considered was suggestive rather than conclusive. The findings show that common information about an asset’s current condition need not produce a common understanding of its expected future without the proposed intervention. Stated preference surveys should therefore specify this trajectory with sufficient clarity and credibility that respondents are evaluating a common underlying policy change.


DOI: https://doi.org/10.33138/2957-0506.2026.27.521
Jusypenko Bartosz
cultural heritage historic preservation adaptive reuse contingent valuation stated preferences prospect of loss

WP(9/2023)416. Is international free-riding immanent to transboundary spatial conservation?

Authors: Valasiuk Sviataslau
Despite their recent global expansion in nominal terms, many transboundary nature protected areas tend to avoid hands-on cross-border co-operation. One common explanation which is widely seen a major obstacle towards the concerted transboundary conse…

WP416. Is international free-riding immanent to transboundary spatial conservation?

Despite their recent global expansion in nominal terms, many transboundary nature protected areas tend to avoid hands-on cross-border co-operation. One common explanation which is widely seen a major obstacle towards the concerted transboundary conservation is international free riding on the centralised decision-making level. I examine empirically whether international free-riding is embedded in citizens’ stated preferences for extended protection in the case of two transboundary nature protected areas Białowieża Forest and Fulufjället. I scrutinise a sub-set of merged survey samples from the four countries involved, including only the citizens assumingly incentivised to free-ride on unilateral foreign country’s conservation action. I apply attitudinal indicators to form effect-coded variables that measure free-riding, and control for use value, nationality, individual socioeconomic characteristics, and incentive compatibility of the survey design. The results indicate no widespread tendency of international free-riding; the conclusion is maintained with varying modelling approaches or sampling strategy employed.


Valasiuk Sviataslau
transboundary nature protected areas stated preferences public good free-riding binary logit negative binomial regression

WP(20/2022)396. Anomalies or Expected Behaviors? Understanding Stated Preferences and Welfare Implications in Light of Contemporary Behavioral Theory

Authors: Lades Leonhard K., Zawojska Ewa, Johnston Robert J., Hanley Nick, Delaney Liam, Czajkowski Mikołaj
The stated preference literature contains an expansive body of research on behavioral anomalies, typically understood as response patterns that are inconsistent with standard neoclassical choice theory. While the literature often implies that anomalo…

WP396. Anomalies or Expected Behaviors? Understanding Stated Preferences and Welfare Implications in Light of Contemporary Behavioral Theory

The stated preference literature contains an expansive body of research on behavioral anomalies, typically understood as response patterns that are inconsistent with standard neoclassical choice theory. While the literature often implies that anomalous behaviors are distinct to stated preferences, widespread evidence of similar patterns across real-world settings raises the potential for an alternative interpretation. We argue that these anomalies might actually reflect behaviors that are to be expected once deviations from the standard economic model and behavioral reactions to the choice architecture in stated preference surveys are considered. The article reviews and organizes the evidence of so-called “anomalous” stated preference behaviors within the context of behavioral science to provide guidance for applied welfare economics. We coordinate evidence on these anomalies using a typology grounded in behavioral science, which groups non-standard behaviors into: non-standard preferences, non-standard beliefs, and non-standard decision-making. We apply this typology to organize the evidence, clarify nomenclature, and understand the implications of non-standard behaviors in stated preference studies for applied welfare analysis. Observing the systematic and common nature of these behaviors in actual and hypothetical settings, we outline possibilities to overcome associated challenges for applied welfare analysis, by adapting new frameworks for welfare analysis proposed within behavioral science.


Lades Leonhard K., Zawojska Ewa, Johnston Robert J., Hanley Nick, Delaney Liam, Czajkowski Mikołaj
anomalies behavioral science non-standard behaviors stated preferences welfare analysis

WP(8/2022)384. On the inference about willingness to pay distribution using contingent valuation data

Authors: Czajkowski Mikołaj, Zawojska Ewa, Meade Norman, Seroa da Motta Ronaldo, Welsh Mike, Arigoni Ortiz Ramon
Although contingent valuation (CV) is one of the main sources of estimates of non-market values of environmental goods, little guidance exists regarding parametric approaches for modelling CV data, which would reliably estimate willingness-to-pay (WT…

WP384. On the inference about willingness to pay distribution using contingent valuation data

Although contingent valuation (CV) is one of the main sources of estimates of non-market values of environmental goods, little guidance exists regarding parametric approaches for modelling CV data, which would reliably estimate willingness-to-pay (WTP) values based on binary choice, payment card or open-ended preference elicitation data, among others. CV studies often rely on relatively simple approaches to modeling stated preference responses, without examining alternative modelling specifications. Lower-bound, non-parametric estimates seem to be preferred in legal cases, while studies that apply parametric approaches often select a specification among a limited set of commonly used distributions. To enhance the reliability of CV-based WTP estimates, we propose to adopt a more flexible approach to parametric modelling of a WTP distribution, by considering a wide range of parametric model specifications. We demonstrate the advantages of the proposed approach using databases from two large CV studies: the eutrophication reduction valuation for the Baltic Sea Action Plan and the Deepwater Horizon natural resource damage assessment. We find non-negligible differences in WTP value estimates across models with different assumed parametric distributions, and we observe the variation in the values to decrease when only better-fitting models are considered. This emphasizes the need for cautiously identifying the model best fitting to the data, instead of choosing a specification ad hoc without taking into account alternative parametric distributions. Focusing on the best-fitting parametric specifications, we provide alternative WTP value estimates for the two empirical cases studied.


Czajkowski Mikołaj, Zawojska Ewa, Meade Norman, Seroa da Motta Ronaldo, Welsh Mike, Arigoni Ortiz Ramon
contingent valuation parametric modelling stated preferences willingness to pay welfare estimates

WP(4/2022)380. Incentivizing stated preference elicitation with choice-matching in the field

Authors: Zawojska Ewa, Krawczyk Michał
Stated preferences should ideally be elicited in ways providing respondents with economic incentives to report them truthfully—that is, in incentive-compatible conditions. This study aims at testing empirically a novel theoretical approach, whi…

WP380. Incentivizing stated preference elicitation with choice-matching in the field

Stated preferences should ideally be elicited in ways providing respondents with economic incentives to report them truthfully—that is, in incentive-compatible conditions. This study aims at testing empirically a novel theoretical approach, which allows for incentive-compatible elicitation of preferences. Choice-matching, proposed by Cvitanić et al. (2019), is applied here to elicit stated preferences towards a public good. While the approach has been originally designed for incentivizing responses to a multiple choice question, we illustrate its possible application to an open-ended question. We conduct an online experiment mirroring a standard stated preference survey as used for valuation of public goods. Two versions of the survey questionnaire are implemented: one employing the incentive-compatible choice-matching approach and another representing a common non-incentivized setting. We find that the open-ended willingness-to-pay values are statistically significantly higher when stated under choice-matching than when expressed in the non-incentivized conditions.


Zawojska Ewa, Krawczyk Michał
contingent valuation choice-matching incentive compatibility open-ended elicitation stated preferences

WP(11/2020)317. Supplier selection in emerging market economies: a discrete choice analysis

Authors: Manucharyan Hayk
This study presents the perceived importance of different supplier attributes for managers' choice of suppliers in emerging market economies. We analyze the supplier selection process based on multiple attributes categorized into six groups: qual…

WP317. Supplier selection in emerging market economies: a discrete choice analysis

This study presents the perceived importance of different supplier attributes for managers' choice of suppliers in emerging market economies. We analyze the supplier selection process based on multiple attributes categorized into six groups: quality, cost, delivery, product, service, and business. Empirical data for this study was collected from 163 corporate executives in the automotive and fast-moving consumer goods industries operating in Poland and India.
A two-part survey was conducted; the first part consisted of a Likert scale set of questions aimed at determining the perceived importance of supplier attributes. The second part of the survey was a discrete choice experiment that examined the actual choices of experimental supplier profiles made by executives. Comparing our results to previous works in this domain, we find that the importance of the cost attribute has decreased over the past two decades, whereas the relevance of delivery and product has increased. Each of the six supplier attributes was broken down into sub-attributes, which provided us with an insight into the decision-making process. The results indicate that with respect to delivery, delivery lead time, responsiveness to demand fluctuations, and compliance with due date had a significant effect on executives' decisions. At the same time, new product availability and product range played crucial role amongst product attributes. Finally, the dataset was split into different sub-groups, based on the two industries and two countries analyzed, to examine industrial and cultural differences.


Manucharyan Hayk
supplier selection vendor selection purchasing supply chain management conjoint analysis stated preferences discrete choice experiment

WP(3/2019)288. ‘Quality food’ for cultural policies. Quality attributes in the non-market stated-preference based valuation of cultural goods

Authors: Wiśniewska Aleksandra
Evidence-based policies require well-established research and reliable data. One of the major difficulties in delivering 'good quality food' for cultural policies lies in measuring culture. Stated preference based non-market valuation is one …

WP288. ‘Quality food’ for cultural policies. Quality attributes in the non-market stated-preference based valuation of cultural goods

Evidence-based policies require well-established research and reliable data. One of the major difficulties in delivering 'good quality food' for cultural policies lies in measuring culture. Stated preference based non-market valuation is one of the privileged tools to reveal the benefits cultural goods deliver to the society for cost-benefit analysis. The prevalent problem in this kind of research are poorly defined, ambiguous goods. The challenge lies in describing their quality attributes. The article's goal is to review the hitherto uses of quality measurements of arts and culture in stated preference based non-market valuation research, mostly dedicated to performing arts and cultural heritage.


Wiśniewska Aleksandra
quality measurement stated preferences non-market valuation performing arts cultural heritage cultural policy

WP(19/2018)278. Impact of beliefs about negative effects of wind turbines on preference heterogeneity regarding renewable energy development in Poland

Authors: Bartczak Anna, Budziński Wiktor, Gołębiowska Bernadeta
We investigate individuals' preferences for renewable energy development in Poland. Our main objective is to examine whether preferences for avoiding externalities from renewable energy development near respondents' place of residence are inf…

WP278. Impact of beliefs about negative effects of wind turbines on preference heterogeneity regarding renewable energy development in Poland

We investigate individuals' preferences for renewable energy development in Poland. Our main objective is to examine whether preferences for avoiding externalities from renewable energy development near respondents' place of residence are influenced by their personal beliefs about the negative effects of wind turbine activity. We focus on attitudes towards wind power because it has had the most dynamic development among all renewable energy sources in Poland. To elicit values on avoiding renewable energy externalities, we use a choice experiment (CE) approach. To conduct our analysis we applied a theoretically robust econometric approach, the hybrid mixed logit model. From our analysis of data from a large sample of the Polish population, we find that beliefs about wind turbine have distinct negative effects on respondents' preferences concerning renewable energy development. Respondents who generally have an opinion about potential wind turbine effects would like to have input on renewable energy development in their neighbourhood. Latent beliefs that wind power is not harmful enhance respondents' preferences for implementing a wind energy project and enhance preferences against solar power development. These beliefs appears to be significantly correlated with respondents' marginal utility of money.


DOI: http://doi.org.10.26405/WP/WNE/2018/278/019
Bartczak Anna, Budziński Wiktor, Gołębiowska Bernadeta
beliefs about negative effects choice experiment preference heterogeneity renewable energy externalities stated preferences

WP(13/2018)272. Social norms and pro-environment behaviours: heterogeneous response to signals

Authors: Czajkowski Mikołaj, Zagórska Katarzyna, Hanley Nick
Previous research on pro-environment behaviours demonstrated an effect of communicating social norms to subjects. In this paper, we extend this work by isolating the effects of information about (i) the absolute level (strength) of the norm (ii) its …

WP272. Social norms and pro-environment behaviours: heterogeneous response to signals

Previous research on pro-environment behaviours demonstrated an effect of communicating social norms to subjects. In this paper, we extend this work by isolating the effects of information about (i) the absolute level (strength) of the norm (ii) its geographic proximity (iii) whether the norm is stated in relative terms. We also show how previous pro-environmental behaviours interact with social norm information. The context is a stated preference choice experiment on recycling behaviours by households in Poland. The main finding to emerge is that social norm effects on preferences seem to be very context-dependent; there is no evidence of generalizable effects which would be useful to policy designers.


DOI: http://doi.org.10.26405/WP/WNE/2018/272/013
Czajkowski Mikołaj, Zagórska Katarzyna, Hanley Nick
recycling social norms stated preferences choice modelling

WP(1/2018)260. Disentangling the effects of policy and payment consequentiality and risk attitudes on stated preferences

Authors: Zawojska Ewa, Bartczak Anna, Czajkowski Mikołaj
Incentivising respondents to truthfully reveal their preferences in stated preference surveys requires that they believe their survey responses can influence decisions related to the outcome in question (policy consequentiality) and that they will ha…

WP260. Disentangling the effects of policy and payment consequentiality and risk attitudes on stated preferences

Incentivising respondents to truthfully reveal their preferences in stated preference surveys requires that they believe their survey responses can influence decisions related to the outcome in question (policy consequentiality) and that they will have to bear their share of coercive cost if the outcome is implemented (payment consequentiality). We investigate the effects of these two aspects of consequentiality on stated preferences in a field survey concerning renewable energy development in Poland. We find that beliefs in policy and payment consequentiality strengthen respondents' interest in having the project implemented, but policy consequentiality decreases, while payment consequentiality increases their sensitivity to the project cost, thus increasing or decreasing their willingness to pay, respectively. We conclude that the two components of consequentiality should be addressed separately in stated preference studies. Additionally, we inquire the theoretically speculated links between respondents' perceptions about policy and payment consequentiality and their risk attitudes, finding no significant relationship.


DOI: https://doi.org.10.26405/WP/WNE/2018/260/001
Zawojska Ewa, Bartczak Anna, Czajkowski Mikołaj
stated preferences discrete choice experiment policy consequentiality payment consequentiality risk attitudes renewable energy
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