Working Papers

The WNE Working Papers series has been published by the Faculty of Economic Sciences at the University of Warsaw since 2008.

The WNE Working Papers series provides a fast, open channel for disseminating research conducted at the Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw. The papers hosted here are working versions (pre-prints) and may evolve as authors refine their analyses, incorporate feedback, or progress through formal peer-review. What you read is the current version released by the authors, timestamped and assigned DOI/ISSN identifiers to ensure precise citation and version tracking. Copyright remains with the authors, who may, at any time, upload a revised file or add a note directing readers to a later, peer-reviewed publication.

The Working Papers series accepts articles by research employees of the Faculty and publications from conferences organised at the Faculty of Economic Sciences at the University of Warsaw. Articles should be original research papers which have not been previously published, on the subject of economics.

Please send your paper by e-mail: Lp1S6q#@o0gIdAz\[yaJ4ew5+%}]#[D`~?z`m-Q{M8XXrKA'WBAK\#5rj 

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(1) the main text without the title of the article and the authors (DOC/DOCX file) and

(2) the title page including: the title of the paper, the authors and their affiliation (DOC/DOCX file).

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Number of Results 4

WP(42/2020)348. Does Bitcoin Improve Investment Portfolio Efficiency?

Authors: Sakowski Paweł, Turovtseva Daria
The aim of the paper is to check if cryptocurrency Bitcoin – a new investable asset class representative – is able to improve the performance of an optimal portfolio. Using two Markowitz criteria of optimization – expected return ma…

WP348. Does Bitcoin Improve Investment Portfolio Efficiency?

The aim of the paper is to check if cryptocurrency Bitcoin – a new investable asset class representative – is able to improve the performance of an optimal portfolio. Using two Markowitz criteria of optimization – expected return maximization and expected shortfall (CVaR) minimization – we test the investment opportunities after adding Bitcoin to the portfolio of 10 traditional assets (among them equity, fixed income, money, commodities and money market indices). Using daily observations from 1.05.2013 till 24.05.2019, we examine the behavior of the portfolios without and with Bitcoin and check if the return-risk ratio improves for the latter. Discussing the results, we conduct the sensitivity analysis by changing the lookback window (LB) and rebalancing frequency (RB) parameters. Empirical analysis suggests that Bitcoin-inclusive portfolios provide an investor with wider diversification opportunities. Robustness check confirms the findings and also advocates for the cryptocurrency to be added to the portfolio.


Sakowski Paweł, Turovtseva Daria
Portfolio optimization portfolio theory cryptocurrency Bitcoin Markowitz model asset allocation portfolio diversification investment opportunities

WP(14/2019)299. Does the inclusion of exposure to volatility into diversified portfolio improve the investment results? Portfolio construction from the perspective of a Polish investor.

Authors: Latoszek Michał, Ślepaczuk Robert
The main goal of this research is to analyse the investment benefits from an incorporation of the volatility exposure to the diversified portfolio from the perspective of a Polish investor. Volatility, treated as a new asset class, may improve the pe…

WP299. Does the inclusion of exposure to volatility into diversified portfolio improve the investment results? Portfolio construction from the perspective of a Polish investor.

The main goal of this research is to analyse the investment benefits from an incorporation of the volatility exposure to the diversified portfolio from the perspective of a Polish investor. Volatility, treated as a new asset class, may improve the performance of the portfolio due to its negative correlation with most types of assets. This topic has been widely investigated for the United States and Europe whereas Polish market appears to be not heavily researched and this study may fill this gap. The research covers the period from October 2010 to July 2018 and is performed on the daily close prices. To construct the portfolios, the analysis uses the mean-variance framework and the naïve diversification approach. The comparison of risk-adjusted returns between investments with and without volatility exposure enables to answer the research question about an improvement of the results by the addition of a non-standard asset to the diversified portfolios. The VXX is considered as the proxy for volatility as it is the most popular ETN which follows the volatility index derivatives with the given maturity. To test the robustness of the results, the portfolios are constructed with a broad range of different parameters and assumptions imposed on the optimization procedure.


Latoszek Michał, Ślepaczuk Robert
Volatility asset class portfolio optimization Polish market Markowitz portfolio naïve diversification

WP(30/2014)147. Generalized Momentum Asset Allocation Model

Authors: Arendarski Piotr, Misiewicz Paweł, Nowak Mariusz, Skoczylas Tomasz, Wojciechowski Robert
 In this paper we propose Generalized Momentum Asset Allocation Model (GMAA). GMAA is a new approach to construct optimal portfolio and is based on close examination of asset?s returns distribution. GMAA tries to capture certain market phenomena…

WP147. Generalized Momentum Asset Allocation Model

 In this paper we propose Generalized Momentum Asset Allocation Model (GMAA). GMAA is a new approach to construct optimal portfolio and is based on close examination of asset?s returns distribution. GMAA tries to capture certain market phenomena and use information they contain as predictors for future returns. Our model is validated using MSCI Indexes with MSCI World Index set as a benchmark. We find results rather promising as we managed to significantly reduce portfolio volatility and obtain stable path of cumulative returns of portfolio. Our model outperforms benchmark in terms of Information Ratio or Maximum Drawdown. Detailed sensitivity analysis was conducted at the end of this paper and it shows that our strategy is sensitive to a few optimization parameters thus further research may be required.


Arendarski Piotr, Misiewicz Paweł, Nowak Mariusz, Skoczylas Tomasz, Wojciechowski Robert
asset allocation diversification momentum trading strategy capital asset pricing models returns forecasting efficient risk and return measures

WP(5/2011)45. Returns from income strategies in rural Poland

Authors: Fałkowski Jan, Jakubowski Maciej, Strawiński Paweł
 In Poland, rural households are encouraged to diversify their activities both in and outside the agricultural sector in order to stabilize and improve their income. However, relatively few households appear to do this. This paper addresses this…

WP45. Returns from income strategies in rural Poland

 In Poland, rural households are encouraged to diversify their activities both in and outside the agricultural sector in order to stabilize and improve their income. However, relatively few households appear to do this. This paper addresses this issue, investigating the returns from the income strategies of rural households using propensity score matching methods and extensive data sets for 1998-2008. The results suggest that returns from combining farm and off-farm activities are lower than returns from specialization, namely, concentrating on either farming or off-farm activities. The income difference between farmers and those who combine farming and off-farm activities increased after Poland joined the European Union.


Fałkowski Jan, Jakubowski Maciej, Strawiński Paweł
Income diversification rural areas propensity score matching Poland
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