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Projekty badawcze





Wyświetleń 51 do 60 (178 Razem)

FutureTech – The Economic and Technical Foundations of Progress in Computing

Subawardee research - Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Kierownik: Pastwa Anna, Opiekun: Wielgopolan Anna
Początek: 2022-07-01, Koniec: 2023-06-30
Wartość projektu: 407 700,00 PLN

FutureTech – The Economic and Technical Foundations of Progress in Computing

Subawardee research - Massachusetts Institute of Technology

This is an interdisciplinary project, which studies the future of computing that underpins much of recent economic growth. The research integrates knowledge from computer science, economics and management to examine the foundations of computational progress. The work will be centered around the following topics:

- Understanding the key innovation trends in computing (hardware / software / algorithms) and artificial intelligence;

- Analyzing the economic and policy implications of these trends

This novel research will allow to identify and address knowledge gaps in the current literature and practice on technological progress, business growth and economic prosperity


Granty na granty – promocja jakości IV (Horyzont Europa) -Ryzyko, zasoby i nierówności: Zwiększanie odporności europejskich rodzin

5278/GGPJ6-22/HEUROPA/0 - MEiN

Kierownik: Matysiak Anna, Opiekun: Wielgopolan Anna
Początek: 2023-03-22, Koniec: 2023-06-30
Wartość projektu: 15 000,00 PLN

Granty na granty – promocja jakości IV (Horyzont Europa) -Ryzyko, zasoby i nierówności: Zwiększanie odporności europejskich rodzin

5278/GGPJ6-22/HEUROPA/0 - MEiN

Wsparcie podmiotów systemu szkolnictwa wyższego i nauki ubiegających się o granty finansowane ze środków pochodzących z budżetu Unii Europejskiej na realizację projektów w ramach programów badawczych Unii Europejskiej, w tym pracowników tych podmiotów, zaangażowanych w opracowywanie wysokiej jakości wniosków o przyznanie tych grantów


Economic determinants and consequences of ‘populism’.

UMO-2019/35/B/HS4/01527 - OPUS

Kierownik: Brzeziński Michał, Opiekun: Gloeh Anna
Początek: 2020-06-26, Koniec: 2023-06-25
Wartość projektu: 363 401,00 PLN

Economic determinants and consequences of ‘populism’.

UMO-2019/35/B/HS4/01527 - OPUS

One of the most significant political, social and economic phenomenon in recent time is the rise of ‘populism’.
This project considers two types of ‘populism’. First, macroeconomic populism defined as engaging in high levels of government spending and extensive redistribution without considering the longer run consequences of such policies. Second, political populism which refers to political parties that: a) distinguish between ‘the people’ who are virtuous and the ‘elite’ that should be opposed; b) argue that there is antagonistic relationship between the ‘people’ and the ‘elite’ and that the popular will is to be preferred on the basis of popular sovereignty.
This research project aims at a comprehensive analysis of economic determinants and consequences of the recent rise of populism (understood in either of the two meanings mentioned above). The specific research objectives considered are as follows.
O1) Estimating the short-term macroeconomic impact of populism in Poland This part of the project will focus on quantitative assessment of macroeconomic performance of the populist government in Poland in the period 2016-2020. After obtaining power in 2015, the current government has seriously weakened the liberal democratic institutions.
This was accompanied by implementation of a number of policies that can be considered populist according to the economic definition. These policies include increasing state control over domestic banking system, imposing of new banking and other sectoral taxes, introduction of a very generous, universal monthly child benefit payment and others. The project will investigate to what extent the macroeconomic outcomes in Poland in the post-2015 period result from the policies implemented by PiS. This issue will be studied using the synthetic control method.
O2) The impact of income inequality on populism in Europe The existing literature suggests that the recent rise in populism is due to a mix of economic and cultural factors. One likely determinant of populism is income inequality. The distributive channel has been discussed theoretically, but rarely tested empirically. This part of the project will test the hypothesis that regional inequality in Europe has impact on support for populist parties. As an additional output, the project will deliver a new, high-quality database of regional income inequality measures for the European countries.
O3) Measuring ideological polarization in Central and Eastern Europe
According to the cultural backlash hypothesis of Norris and Inglehart (2019), the major cause of the populist turn has been a reaction of more traditional citizens to the elite-driven secularization and value change from materialistic and conservative values to post-materialistic and liberal ones. This hypothesis presupposes that the distribution of cultural values and ideologies among citizens has changed in recent times and that is has become more unequal or polarized. Within this objective of this research project, we will test the hypothesis that the ideological polarization in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries has increased over time in recent decades. If confirmed, the hypothesis could provide an explanation for the contemporary rise of populism in Hungary, Poland, Czechia and other countries of the region.
O4) The short-term impact of large child benefit on subjective well-being, value orientations and political attitudes in Poland
One of the most prominent elements of the increased government spending package of the PiS government since 2016 was a generous child benefit (called ‘Family 500+” programme). The policy may be considered populist in the sense that it is very expensive (more than 1% of the GDP), while its overall effect (both short- run and long-run) on the economy and society has not been evaluated at all by the government. The research
hypothesis related to this objective of the project posits that the short-term impact of the ‘Family 500+’ benefit has been positive for individual subjective well-being, attitudes to income redistribution, satisfaction with democracy, and attitudes to the ruling political party. By this, the project will study if social transfers designed by populist governments can improve (at least in the short run) out-comes for the transfer recipients, as well as if they can have protective political effect for populists.


Welfare impact of docklessness in shared micromobility solutions,characteristics of trips, and relationship to public transport

UMO-2019/35/N/HS4/01976 - PRELUDIUM

Początek: 2020-06-25, Koniec: 2023-06-24
Wartość projektu: 97 440,00 PLN

Welfare impact of docklessness in shared micromobility solutions,characteristics of trips, and relationship to public transport

UMO-2019/35/N/HS4/01976 - PRELUDIUM

As cities become ever more crowded, geometric constraints make last-mile problem of difference betweenplace of exit from means of transportation to a particular destination worse. In smart cities, mobility is beingtransformed by new micro-mobility technologies such as shared bicycles (docked) and e-scooters (dockless),promising to lessen this problem. These two facts have opposite implications welfare-wise for groups of urbandwellers.

Cities are also resource-constrained. Regulators often redistribute welfare from one group to anotherto achieve greater aggregate welfare, when they introduce bus lanes costing car drivers street real estate orprohibit car traffic on some streets entirely, creating a safe environment for pedestrians. Measuring economicimpact of changes, apart from its intrinsic scientific value, enables policymakers to make data-driven decisions.Cities produce massive amounts of data, which has characteristics of "big data": massive volume, highvelocity, considerable variety. Bridging the gap between social sciences and big data is a challenge worthundertaking, as it can deliver solutions for unsolved problems.Transportation economists have been researching time valuations of different parts of journey (in-vehicle,transfer, walking) for public transport in depth, there is extensive knowledge about cars as well. Small, but non-negligible distances commuters experience on bicycles or e-scooters are meanwhile uncertain. Thesedistances may increase or decrease through policy actions.

Bicycles have to be returned to docks in traditionalsharing systems. E-scooters are currently dockless, which is more convenient and increases welfare for users,but also results in "scooters blocking pedestrian space, and broken scooters [being] left abandoned" (Laker,2019)?. They pose a danger to vulnerable groups, such as the visually impaired: even parking near the wall isnot optimal, as the blind use walls to navigate with a stick (Russell, 2019). They could be forced to park only indesignated spaces, equivalent to docks, in order to stop blocking sidewalks and improve city aesthetics.The main research question is: what is the difference in welfare increase for shared micro-mobility usersbetween dockless and docked systems? Docks have particular characteristics: distance required to walk fromdocks to destination, obstacles like traffic lights between docks and destination, and how easy it is to noticedocks. Valuations of characteristics related to walking short distances would be elicited from a discrete choiceexperiment, designed with help of data about e-scooters and shared bicycles destinations, existing bicycleparkings, existing shared bicycle docks, and OpenStreetMap maps. Welfare impact can be measuredcombining these valuations with revealed data from bicycle and e-scooter usage: e-scooters’ parking placesrepresent exact destinations users want to visit.

Constraining them to park in the designated spaces wouldforce them to walk, and the surplus they currently achieve from being allowed to park anywhere can becalculated by adding the walk valuations together. Similarly, shared bicycle users could park closer to theirdestinations, which are unknown, but can be approximated by e-scooters’ destinations close to the dock.

Onceagain, the sum would be computed under appropriate assumptions.Features of e-scooters enable us to conduct previously unattainable research. In contrast to large carsstruggling to find underpriced parking space and public transport stopping only at stations, unregulated e-scooters deliver previously unavailable data about exact destinations. High cost of shared e-scooter tripsreduces the demand for recreational trips with less important time valuation. E-scooters do not require physicaleffort and can be used by more people and in more situations than shared bicycles. The market for sharedmobility is distorted through subsidies and delivers only information about difference between dockless electricscooters and docked bicycles, a vast majority of which is non-electric, and characteristics of docks are neithereasily separable nor controllable.

The topic of e-scooters is in vogue and our results will have strongimplications irrespective on whether the valuations turn out to be statistically significant or not


Welcome to Poland

PPI/WTP/2020/1/00063/U/00001 - NAWA

Początek: 2021-06-01, Koniec: 2023-05-31
Wartość projektu: 399 808,00 PLN

Welcome to Poland

PPI/WTP/2020/1/00063/U/00001 - NAWA

The aim of the project is to build the international potential of the WNE University, especially in terms of improving the effectiveness of recruitment activities carried out with regard to candidates from abroad and creating conditions for establishing direct contacts between WNE research staff and partners from other countries, as well as building the WNE's potential in terms of welcoming and serving foreign students, doctoral students and teaching staff. (website, online marketing, spots, podcast, etc.)

 


Contracts 2.0 Co-design of novel contract models for innovative agri-environmentalclimate measures and valorisation of environmental public goods

818190 - HORYZONT 2020

Początek: 2019-05-01, Koniec: 2023-04-30
Wartość projektu: 1 244 250,00 PLN

Contracts 2.0 Co-design of novel contract models for innovative agri-environmentalclimate measures and valorisation of environmental public goods

818190 - HORYZONT 2020

The overall objective of Contracts2.0 is to develop novel contract-based approaches to incentivise farmers for the increased provision of environmental public goods along with private goods using result-based, collective, land tenure and value chain approaches.
 
Newly developed contract-based approaches are environmentally more effective, economically viable for farmers and support the longevity of contractual arrangements. Moreover, they enlarge farmers’ entrepreneurial freedom and responsibility, and are better adapted to the relevant temporal and spatial scales of specific environmental goods.
 
Contracts2.0 improves existing and designs new contracts in rural areas to realise synergies on the ground.
 
Therefore, Contracts2.0 adapts a Design Thinking process using a six-step iterative process of analytical and creative steps to design and test novel contracts. Further, Contracts2.0 describes novel contract design principles as well as policy guidelines to provide facilitating policy framework. Contracts2.0 activates the experience of 11 existing innovation initiatives and 13 action partners around Europe as a basis for the novel contracts. The initiatives are involved in all steps of the project and i) are pivotal in our analysis of existing initiatives in our 'innovation labs', ii) support experimental testing of novel contract features, and iii) test novel models on the ground. Contracts2.0 provides: An inventory and SWOT analysis of existing result-based, collective, land tenure and value chain approaches; a catalogue of factors facilitating and hindering existing approaches; a set of novel contract design principles; a guideline for policy framework fostering contract-based approaches and the development of appropriate agri-environmental-climate policies; a set of tailor made communication and dissemination materials for target audiences, and new cooperation and innovation networks for ongoing improvement of rural development policies and instruments.
COST 296 250 EUR


The role of home-based work for career prospects of men and women: an experimental study for Poland and the United Kingdom

BOB-IDUB-622-63/2021 - Nowe Idee POB V IDUB

Kierownik: Matysiak Anna, Opiekun: Wielgopolan Anna
Początek: 2021-07-01, Koniec: 2023-04-30
Wartość projektu: 120 897,00 PLN

The role of home-based work for career prospects of men and women: an experimental study for Poland and the United Kingdom

BOB-IDUB-622-63/2021 - Nowe Idee POB V IDUB

While 2020 can be considered the year of remote work, this form of employment is very likely to prevail and gain even more popularity in the coming years. It is easier than ever to stay connected in the era of technological advances and globalisation. Many agree that remote work offers a great level of flexibility, autonomy and potential for a better work-life balance.

From a practical point of view, it can also mean less timely and costly commuting for workers and lower running costs for the organisations. It is important though to point out that there are some disadvantages to it too. These include lack of workplace social interactions, blurred lines between work and personal life as well as potentially diminished career development opportunities. In order to provide more light on the impacts of remote work, the following study explores whether remote workers are perceived and judged in the same way as office -based workers when it come s to training and development opportunities, promotion decisions and competency evaluation.

The study also investigates whether there exists a gender - and parenthood - effect, namely whether men and women / fathers and mothers are judged in the same way. The investigation is conducted on individuals with managerial and supervisory responsibilities from the business sector in Poland and the UK, allowing for a valuable cross - country comparison.


Valuation of social health benefits from the air pollution and smog reduction in Polish cities. The analysis of environmental justice, pro-environmental behaviour and information impact on heterogeneity of preferences in the valuation

UMO-2017/27/B/HS4/00611 - OPUS

Kierownik: Bartczak Anna, Opiekun: Cichocka Agnieszka
Początek: 2018-06-20, Koniec: 2023-04-19
Wartość projektu: 426 580,00 PLN

Valuation of social health benefits from the air pollution and smog reduction in Polish cities. The analysis of environmental justice, pro-environmental behaviour and information impact on heterogeneity of preferences in the valuation

UMO-2017/27/B/HS4/00611 - OPUS

Air pollution has become a growing concern in the past few years, with an increasing number of acute air pollution episodes in many cities worldwide. The United Nations has identified air pollution as a global health priority in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

Many countries, including Poland, suffer from air pollution and smog experiencing significant damages to both human health and economy. According to the World Health Organization air pollution is the biggest environmental risk to health as it is said to be responsible for 3 million premature deaths each year and numerous health problems. In terms of poor air quality, Poland is ranked second in the European Union just after Bulgaria. The problem of air pollution began to be more noticed in a public discussion with more and more frequent cases of smog appearance -mainly in cities. In order to develop effective interventions and policies for tackling air pollution, decision makers have to be informed about full social cost of air pollution. However, negative effects on health caused by the exposure to air pollution are not directly reflected in market prices.

Economics has developed methods to assess the value of nonmarket goods as the air pollution quality in monetary terms. Thus, especially stated preferences have been increasingly used for such valuations because of the possibility to obtain detailed information on individuals' preferences, as well as to investigate the social acceptance of proposed policy changes. In this project we would like to value in monetary terms the health benefits from reductions in air pollution and smog in different Polish cities.

We are interested whether, and if yes, to what extent aspects of environmental justice, pro-environmental behaviour and information influence the valuation of the air pollution and smog reduction in the health context. Smog is more dangerous to human health than “usual” low-level emissions and some of its’ effects are immediately noticeable, therefore this valuation may differ from a standard air pollution valuation. Smog is a type of air pollution. It arises out of primary pollutants and products of their photochemical and chemical transformations occurring under temperature inversion during windless weather. Photochemical smog is formed during strong sunlight. Sour smog arises in moist air strongly polluted by acid gases and occurs mainly in regions where houses are heated by burning coal and other solid fuels. Smog in Polish cities occurs mainly during the winter when air quality standards in Poland are repeatedly exceeded. The main reason for this is the so-called low-stack emission, i.e. emission from chimneys with a height lower than 40m and road transport emissions. Poland's hitherto activities concerning air quality are focused mainly on mitigation of negative effects, rather than on the air pollution reduction.

As far as we know, the proposed study is going to be the first nonmarket valuation study on smog reduction in European countries. Additionally, probably as the first we are going to analyse the impact of proenvironmental behaviour and environmental justice on air-pollution valuation.

This is also going to be the first valuation study where the social benefits from reduced air pollution and smog will be implemented jointly in the same study, and where the smog reduction will be presented to respondents as an uncertain outcome – taking into account the weather forecasts predictions. The methodological novelty of this project lies in the way we combine a Factorial Survey Experiment and a Discrete Choice Experiment and in the way we are planning to implement different information sets in the valuation survey.


Economic ineqalities in Polish rural areas -analysis of the data on direct payments' beneficiariesin the period 2014-2019

BOB-IDUB-622-57/2021 - Nowe Idee POB V IDUB

Kierownik: Fałkowski Jan, Opiekun: Kaźmierczak Ewa
Początek: 2021-09-01, Koniec: 2023-02-28
Wartość projektu: 93 606,00 PLN

Economic ineqalities in Polish rural areas -analysis of the data on direct payments' beneficiariesin the period 2014-2019

BOB-IDUB-622-57/2021 - Nowe Idee POB V IDUB

The project has two objectives. The first is to create a publicly accessible database that would enable analyses devoted to changes in land distribution in rural areas in Poland in 2014-2019. The database will contain a number of measures describing land distribution at commune level. These measures will be based on individual data on beneficiaries of direct payments published by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. The project will result in an online application allowing visualisation of the analysed statistics. Data will also be downloadable for own analysis. The second aim of the project is to carry out a study describing the changes in the distribution of land that took place in the period covered by the analysis and to indicate the relationship they may have had with changes in the voting preferences of rural residents. The first stage of the research will focus on indicating to what extent there is a progressive concentration of land and analysing to what extent this process is a universal phenomenon, i.e. occurring regardless of the region, initial agrarian structure or various socio-economic conditions. In the second stage, the main focus will be on the relationship between land distribution (and changes in it) and political support for particular parties. The period covered by the analysis allows us to trace this relationship for the elections that took place in 2014-2015 and 2018-2020.

 


Long-term care in Poland -analysis of the demand and supply of stationary forms of care

BOB-IDUB-622-61/2021 - Nowe Idee POB V IDUB

Początek: 2021-07-01, Koniec: 2023-02-28
Wartość projektu: 70 405,00 PLN

Long-term care in Poland -analysis of the demand and supply of stationary forms of care

BOB-IDUB-622-61/2021 - Nowe Idee POB V IDUB

One of the most important demographic processes in Poland is the ageing of the population. A higher proportion of older people means a higher number of people requiring care, which is most often provided by the family. At the same time, families are getting smaller and their members often live far away from each other. This poses a challenge for the development of forms of long-term care in the coming years. In order to better anticipate the development of care services and reliably estimate future public expenditure on long-term care, it is necessary to analyse the individual characteristics of beneficiaries receiving different forms of care. Available indicators on the use of care services are based on aggregated data, e.g. for counties. There is also little research on private care home residents. The aim of the project is to provide knowledge on the factors influencing differences in the use of public and private forms of long-term care. The analyses will help to identify how certain characteristics of residents such as their age, gender, health, level of disability or family situation may translate into differences in the use of different forms of long-term care. The project aims to collect individual data from 5,000 residents of public and private care facilities in Poland and to compare it with SHARE data on people receiving care at home.

 


Wyświetleń 51 do 60 (178 Razem)